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E cigarettes less addictive than cigarettes Penn State University Center for Research on Tobacco and Health College of Medicine Penn State 30 Blazing Hot Takes: The Latest in Vaping With Drs. Ling and Vijayaraghavan The Curbsiders Using the Penn State Nicotine Dependence Index (possible range 020), #ecig dependence increased slightly through Week 4 and then declined. At all timepoints, ecig dependence was significantly lower than combustible cigarette dependence. Screening NYC TCTTAC Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Electronic Cigarette Dependence Index (ECDI) in a Colombian Sample

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