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A board-certified Orthopedic Clinical Specialist, Greg has nearly 20 years of experience helping patients overcome pain and return to the activities they love

Abbreviations AST: Asparutinate transaminase ALT: Alanine transaminase ALP: Alkaline phosphatase Bcl-3: B-cell lymphoma-3 BUN: Blood urea nitrogen CR: Creatinine COX-2: Cyclooxygenase DRP1: Dynamin-related protein 1 GSH: Glutathione GPx: Glutathione peroxidase GR: Glutathione reductase GSSG: Oxidized glutathione GGT: Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase HO-1: Heme oxygenase IL-6: Interleukin-6 IL-1 : Interleukin1- IL-33: Interleukin-33 I-NOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase, JNK: C-Jun N-terminal kinases LPO: Lipid peroxidation MDA: Malondialdehyde MAPKs: Mitogen-activated protein kinases MKK4: Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 MAPK 14: Activities of mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 MPO: Myeloperoxidase NO: Nitric oxide NOS: Nitric oxide synthase NF-B: Nuclear factor-kappa B NADPH: Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NAG: Urinary N-acetyl--D-glucosaminidase Nrf2: Nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 ROS: Reactive oxygen species rutin: Rutin SOD: Superoxide dismutase SIrutin1: Sirutinuin 1 TNF-: Tumor necrosis factor- TLR4: Toll-like receptor 4 TRAF2: TNF receptor-associated factor 2 TBARS: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances p38: P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases XO: Xanthine oxidase References Abd El-Gawad HM, Khalifa AE (2001) Quercetin, coenzyme Q10, and L-canavanine as protective agents against lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide generation in endotoxin-induced shock in rat brain

The patients, if over 18, or their legal guardians were requested and required to sign an informed consent form for the collection of blood and clinical data before taking part in the study