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Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) Specialised fibroblast cells at the base of each hair follicle that act as the "command centre" for hair growth

Loli, Gustavo R

Collectively, these enzymatic systems function synergistically to counteract oxidative stress 41

Recently, following oxidative stress, DJ-1 was shown to be involved in the oxidative stress response that leads to the upregulation of the proteasome, thus inhibiting its activity and rescuing partially unfolded proteins from degradation (Moscovitz et al., 2015)

It showed reduced amyloid plaque burden in the hippocampus, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity through glutathione peroxidase activity

Preclinical studies have shown that ferroptosis-preventing therapies, such as the GSH precursor N-acetylcysteine (NAC), iron-chelating agents like deferoxamine (DFO) and deferiprone (DFP), and specific ferroptosis inhibitors like ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), can alleviate neurodegeneration and improve motor symptoms in PD animal models ( In this comprehensive review, we aim to summarize the multifaceted roles of ferroptosis in PD pathogenesis, elucidate the links between PD-associated pathogenic proteins and ferroptosis, and provide an overview of current clinical trials and the potential of ferroptosis in the early diagnosis and treatment of PD