Perturbations in ATP generation induced by the virus in epithelial cells [71] can lead to ATP release from the apical or basolateral spaces, and subsequent extracellular ATP signaling [72]
Chemotherapy-induced intestinal microbiota dysbiosis impairs mucosal homeostasis by modulating toll-like receptor signaling pathways
How do glutathione supplements affect energy levels and metabolism
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Abbreviations 3xTg-AD: triple transgenic AD mice model AD: Alzheimers disease AP-1: activator protein 1 ATP: adenosine triphosphate A: amyloid-beta BBB: blood brain barrier CNPase: cyclic nucleotide phosphohydrolase CNS: central nervous system CSF: cerebrospinal fluid HDAC3: histone deacetylase 3 HIF: hypoxia-inducible factor MBP: myelin basic protein MRI: magnetic resonance imaging NF-kB: nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells OPC: oligodendrocyte precursor cell P2x7 receptors: P2X purinoceptor 7 PLP: myelin proteolipid protein Shh: sonic hedgehog Sox-10: SRY-related HMG-box WMH: white matter hyperintensity References Al-Mashhadi S, Simpson JE, Heath PR, Dickman M, Forster G, Matthews FE, Brayne C, Ince PG, Wharton SB (2015) Oxidative glial cell damage associated with white matter lesions in the aging human brain
Role of glucose as a modulator of anabolic and catabolic gene expression in normal and osteoarthritic human chondrocytes