glutathione png File:Glutathione structure.png - Wikimedia Commons

For example, endothelium-derived NO directly suppresses the electrical excitability of VSMCs by inhibiting the action of T-type and L-type voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in small arteries, and reduced NO availability can trigger transient depolarization in normally quiescent VSMCs leading to vasospasm (Smith et al., 2020)

Beurel, E., Song, L

Programmed Cell-Death by Ferroptosis: Antioxidants as Mitigators

Int J Mol Sci 2016

the intestine and pancreas are major sources of such effector signals

Recovery isnt linear and varies significantly depending on the duration of exposure, the degree of toxic burden, individual genetic susceptibility, and how quickly the source of exposure is identified and removed